Determination of Phase Equilibria
Determination of Phase Equilibria
Experimental Determination of Phase Equilibria
Experimental Investigations of Different Unit Operations
An overview on the different experimental facilities is given in the following table:
1. Mixture Data | ||||
1.1. Vapor - Liquid Equilibria | ||||
Static Apparatus, High Pressure | < 250 bar | 0 - 200 ºC | x, y,T, P | |
Static Apparatus, High Pressure | < 400 bar | 25 - 400 °C | x, y, T, P | |
Computer Driven Static Apparatus | < 3 bar | -10 - 90 ºC | x, T, P | |
Computer Driven Static Apparatus | < 30 bar | -10 - 160 ºC | x, T, P | |
Computer Driven Dynamic Apparatus | < 1 bar | -20 - 220 ºC | x, T, P | |
Flow Apparatus, Determination of Critical Points | < 400 bar | 25 - 400 °C | x=y, T, P | |
Headspace Chromatograph | < 3 bar | 0 - 150 ºC | x, y, T | |
Dynamic Still (NORMAG) | < 1 bar | 25 - 160 ºC | x, y, T, P | |
Swietoslawski Ebulliometer | < 1 bar | -20 - 220 ºC | x, y, T, P | |
Scott-Ebulliometer | < 1 bar | -20 - 220 °C | x, y, T, P | |
1.2. Activity Coefficents at Infinite Dilution | ||||
Gas-Liquid Chromatograph | | 0 - 90 ºC | ![]() | |
Dilutor (Determination of Gamma Infinite and Henry Coefficients in Pure Solvents and Mixtures) | | 0 - 150 ºC | ![]() | |
Scott Type Ebulliometer | < 1 bar | -20 - 220 °C | ![]() | |
1.3. Azeotropic Composition | ||||
Spinning Band Column | < 1 bar | 25 - 150 ºC | yaz, T, P | |
Spinning Band Column | < 3 bar | 25 - 150 ºC | yaz, T, P | |
1.4. Excess Enthalpy | ||||
Computer - Driven Flow Calorimeter | < 160 bar | 25 - 200 ºC | x, T, hE | |
Setaram Calorimeter | < 3 bar | -190 - 190 ºC | x, T, hE | |
1.5. Liquid - Liquid Equilibria | ||||
Analytical Method | < 1 bar | 0 - 100 ºC | x", x"", T, | |
Liquid-Liquid Countercurrent Chromatography | | 25 - 50 ºC | x3"/x3"", T | |
1.6. Solid - Liquid Equilibria | ||||
Synthetic Method (Visual | < 1 bar | -90 - 50 ºC | x, Tm | |
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1.7.Multicomponent Adsorption (Gas Phase) | ||||
Flow Apparatus (Break through curve) | < 1 bar | 0 - 50 ºC | | |
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1.8. Octanol - Water Partition Coefficient | ||||
Liquid-Liquid Countercurrent Chromatography | | 25 - 50 °C | KOW | |
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1.9 EMF - Measuring | ||||
PH / ISE - Meter (Orion 920A), Different Ionensensitive Elektrodes | | 20 - 60 ºC | ![]() | |
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2. Pure Component and Mixture Properties | ||||
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2.1. Pure Component Vapor Pressure | ||||
Different Designs | | | T, Ps | |
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2.2. Liquid Density | ||||
Vibrating Tube Densitometer (Paar) | 1 bar | 25 - 50 ºC | ρ,T,P | |
Vibrating Tube Densimeter (Prototype from Dr. Stabinger (Graz)) | < 400 bar | < 250 ºC | ρ,T,P | |
Vibrating Tube Densitometer (Paar) | < 1300 bar | -10 - 180 °C | ρ,T,P | |
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2.3. Liquid Viscosity | ||||
Ubbelohde Viscosimeter | 1 bar | -20 - 150ºC | | |
Rotation Viscosimeter | 300 bar | 400°C | | |
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2.4. Caloric Data ( | ||||
Setaram Calorimeter | 100 bar | -190 - 190 ºC | ![]() ![]() cPL, cPV | |
Transitiometer also for Corrosive Components | 2000 bar | 0 - 400 °C | all State- and Phase Changes | |
3 bar | -180 - 550 °C |
Ttr, cpS, cpL | ||
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3. Reaction Kinetics | ||||
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Batch Reactors | 1 bar | < 95 ºC | K, ![]() k, ![]() | |
Flow Reactors | 30 bar | < 200 °C | K, ![]() k, ![]() | |
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4. Pilot Plants (Æ 50 mm, height 10 m) | ||||
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Tray and Packed Columns Reactive Distillation (Katapak S) | 1 bar | < 240 ºC | | |
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