As sociocultural phenomenon bohemia becomes an important agent in the cultural field in the epoch of modernism. Bohemian values and lifestyle affect the themes and modes of existence of cultural artefacts to a considerable degree. They also contribute to the development of the phenomenon of literary trends.

The specific role of bohemia in Slavonic and Western European literary context is related to the actualization of marginalized, eccentric characters and perverse types of sensuality as well as of local "spaces of communication" (cafe, atelier, artistic salon). 

The phenomenon of bohemia allows examining modernism not only as an all-European aesthetic movement, but also as a phenomenon of everyday culture, which joins art and life, psychology and behavior, market and artistic exhibitionism. Particular interest applies to the gender-based analysis of the phenomenon of bohemia, especially the reflection of different types of gender-based and sexual transgression, the aesthetics of moral und psychological vivisection as a semiotically important sign of urban culture. These and other questions concerning the functioning of the phenomenon of bohemia in the literatures of Slavonic modernism will be examined on the example of the work of S. Przybyszewski, J. Kasprowicz, V. Vynnychenko, M. Jackov, P. Karmansky, D. Merezhkovsky, V. Bryusov, L. Zinovieva-Annibal as well movements like "Young Poland" and "Young Muse".