2026

• Schwarz, P., Spanknebel, S., Immel, D., Hurlemann, R., Hein, A., & Hellmers, S. (2026). Automated capture and transfer of human facial expressions to humanoid robots for realistic patient simulation. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 13, 1798227. https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2026.1798227

2025

• Schwarz, P., Hellmers, S., Spanknebel, S., Immel, D., Hurlemann, R., & Hein, A. (2025). Comparing patient simulation with a humanoid robot or a human actor in terms of training success and acceptance: Pilot questionnaire study. JMIR Formative Research, 9, e70363. https://doi.org/10.2196/70363

• Immel, D., Hilpert, B., Schwarz, P., Hein, A., Gebhard, P., Barton, S., Hurlemann, R. (2025). Patients’ and Health Care Professionals’ Expectations of Virtual Therapeutic Agents in Outpatient Aftercare: Qualitative Survey Study, JMIR Form Res ;9:e59527. https://doi.org/10.2196/59527

2024

• Schwarz, P., Hellmers, S., Spanknebel, S., Hurlemann, R., & Hein, A. (2024). Humanoid Patient Robot for Diagnostic Training in Medical and Psychiatric Education. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 11, 1424845. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2024.1424845 

2023:

• Schwarz, Patricia; Hein, Andreas (2023): Conception of a Humanoid-Robot-Patient in Education to Train and Practice. In: 2023 IEEE 2nd German Education Conference (GECon), Berlin, Germany, 2023, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/GECon58119.2023.10295118