Answer 2nd question
Answer 2nd question
Answer: (a, b)
By 2050, US$ 14,000 billion per year in ecosystem services will be lost due to terrestrial biodiversity loss. This corresponds to 3.5 times the GDP of Germany in 2022 (3.6 billion). This means that if these services currently provided by functioning ecosystems are lost, US$ 14,000 billion will have to be invested every year in order to continue to fulfil their functions.
Source:
Essl, F; Rabtisch, W. (2017): Biodiversity and climate change, p. 237