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Peatlands fulfil a variety of functions in the landscape - on the one hand they filter the water and retain pollutants from it and from the air, on the other hand they can act like giant sponges in the landscape by quickly storing large amounts of water and slowly releasing it again. No decomposition processes take place in the water-saturated soil, as no oxygen is available - so the peat layers of old bogs can be archives of the surrounding environment. If the peat is extracted from the bog and used as fuel or potting soil, these functions can no longer be fulfilled.

Source:

Greifswald Mire Centre (n.d.): Types of peatland use at: https://moorwissen.de/arten-der-nutzung.html (last accessed on 08.05.2023)