Data website: www.prdh-igd.com

The RPQA database (Registre de la populationdu Québec ancient) was created by the Programme de Recherche en Démographique Historique (PRDH) at the Université of Montréal. The data cover the complete population over the whole territory on which the colony was established at the time, thus freeing the analysis of the usual problems of exits of observation through emigration. After 1671 the population increased exponentially mainly because of birth within the colony. The French settlers faced almost no expansion possibilities. The differentials between the ecological environments of the Quebec and Krummhörn populations had also been previously used to investigate grandparental effects on child survival (Voland & Beise 2005), the consequences of parental loss and remarriage of the surviving parent on child survival (Willführ & Gagnon 2012, 2013), and the consequences of sibling formation on survival and reproductive success (Fox et al. 2016).